当 AI 做科学时，谁为错误负责？

Email Bluesky Facebook LinkedIn Reddit Whatsapp X Save article View saved research Chris Lu and his colleagues describe an AI scientist that can generate hypotheses, conduct computational experiments, interpret results, write papers, and review its own work (C. Lu et al. Nature 651, 914–919; 2026). As artificial-intelligence systems become more independent, responsibility for scientific outcomes could be divided up between users, institutions and developers. Access options Access through your institution Access Nature and 54 other Nature Portfolio journals Get Nature+, our best-value online-access subscription 27,99 € / 30 days cancel any time Learn more Subscribe to this journal Receive 52 print issues and online access 185,98 € per year only 3,58 € per issue Learn more Rent or buy this article Prices vary by article type from$1.95 to$39.95 Learn more Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout Nature 657, 312 (2026) doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-026-02735-7 Competing Interests The author declares no competing interests. Related Articles Why AI cannot do good science without humans Will AI spark a scientific renaissance — or a diffuse monoculture? The uncritical adoption of AI in science is alarming — we urgently need guard rails See more letters to the editor Subjects Machine learning Authorship Scientific community Publishing Latest on: Machine learning Authorship Scientific community Who is responsible when AI helps to write science? Comment 01 SEP 26 Bland new world: is AI making us all think the same? News Feature 01 SEP 26 What’s your lab’s archetype? The answer could inform how you use AI Career News 31 AUG 26 Who is responsible when AI helps to write science? Comment 01 SEP 26 ‘A waste of time for all of us’: caught in the crossfire of the peer-review wars Career Feature 03 AUG 26 Could small-team science be dying out? Nature Index 23 JUL 26 Buried underpants and a new definition of kissing win 2026 Ig Nobel prizes News 04 SEP 26 Ada Yonath obituary: Crystallographer who overcame ‘impossible’ challenge of mapping the ribosome Obituary 04 SEP 26 Revealed: inside the US military's plan to tap huge sums from the NIH News 04 SEP 26 Jobs Faculty Positions at the Center for Machine Learning Research (CMLR), Peking University CMLR's goal is to advance machine learning-related research across a wide range of disciplines. Beijing (CN) Center for Machine Learning Research (CMLR), Peking University The AITHYRA International PhD Program Call in AI for Biomedicine (all genders) Join AITHYRA in Vienna for a fully funded PhD position at the intersection of machine learning, experimental biology, chemistry, and medicine. Vienna (Landbezirke) (AT) AITHYRA GmbH - Research Institute for Biomedical Artificial Intelligence of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Assistant Professor Positions at City University of Hong Kong (Dongguan) The University invites individuals from diverse backgrounds to apply for faculty positions in this field Dongguan, Guangdong, China City University of Hong Kong (Dongguan) Professor / Associate Professor Positions at City University of Hong Kong (Dongguan) The University invites individuals from diverse backgrounds to apply for faculty positions in this field Dongguan, Guangdong, China City University of Hong Kong (Dongguan) Chair Professor Positions at City University of Hong Kong (Dongguan) The University invites individuals from diverse backgrounds to apply for faculty positions in this field Dongguan, Guangdong, China City University of Hong Kong (Dongguan)