符号关系与证明方法：基于大语言模型的论证结构跨体裁研究

Computer Science > Computation and Language arXiv:2609.15194 (cs) [Submitted on 14 Sep 2026] Title:Semiotic Relations and Proof Methods: A Cross-Genre Study of Argument Structure with Large Language Models Authors:Edirlei Soares de Lima, Marco A. Casanova, Antonio L. Furtado View a PDF of the paper titled Semiotic Relations and Proof Methods: A Cross-Genre Study of Argument Structure with Large Language Models, by Edirlei Soares de Lima and 2 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:When a direct proof of a statement $S$ seems hard or even impossible to obtain, there may exist another statement (or set of statements) $S^{*}$, somehow related to $S$, on the basis of which $S$ can be proved. In order to investigate what options can be used to move from $S$ to $S^{*}$, four kinds of semiotic relations inspired by the four master tropes of semiotic research are briefly reviewed. Specifically, our syntagmatic, paradigmatic, antithetic and meronymic relations correspond, respectively, to metonymy, metaphor, irony and synecdoche. It is suggested that these four semiotic relations determine the options to move from $S$ to $S^{*}$, leading to proof by inference, proof by analogy, proof by contradiction, and proof by case analysis. To examine how the four relations are actually used across different kinds of argument, we complement the framework with an empirical study. We turn the four relations into explicit operational definitions and apply them to a cross-genre corpus of mathematical, legal, and everyday argument using a panel of large language models. We find that the relations are used very unevenly across genres: mathematical proofs draw on all four, whereas legal and everyday reasoning rely almost entirely on inference. Subjects: Computation and Language (cs.CL) Cite as: arXiv:2609.15194 [cs.CL] (or arXiv:2609.15194v1 [cs.CL] for this version) https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.15194 Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration) Submission history From: Edirlei Soares De Lima PhD [view email] [v1] Mon, 14 Sep 2026 08:13:00 UTC (2,339 KB) Full-text links: Access Paper: View a PDF of the paper titled Semiotic Relations and Proof Methods: A Cross-Genre Study of Argument Structure with Large Language Models, by Edirlei Soares de Lima and 2 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) TeX Source view license Current browse context: cs.CL new | recent | 2026-09 Change to browse by: cs References & Citations NASA ADS Google Scholar Semantic Scholar export BibTeX citation Loading... BibTeX formatted citation × loading... Data provided by: Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article alphaXiv Toggle alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?) Links to Code Toggle CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?) DagsHub Toggle DagsHub (What is DagsHub?) GotitPub Toggle Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?) Huggingface Toggle Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?) ScienceCast Toggle ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?) Demos Demos Replicate Toggle Replicate (What is Replicate?) Spaces Toggle Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?) Spaces Toggle TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?) Related Papers Recommenders and Search Tools Link to Influence Flower Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?) Core recommender toggle CORE Recommender (What is CORE?) Author Venue Institution Topic About arXivLabs arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs. Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)