大模型
arxiv.org ·
引导大型语言模型遵循法律的字面规定或精神实质
该 arXiv 论文研究如何让大语言模型在法律场景中分别优先遵循条文字面或立法精神。作者采用定向适配方法，以较小改动显著改变模型在多种度量、新设情境、真实场景和重要法律案例中的行为；对模型内部的分析显示存在一个低维空间，其三个可解释维度与预先设定的法律概念几何框架相符。研究据此讨论 LLM 中法律思维的潜在组织方式与可引导性。
AI推荐理由 arXiv 预印本，作者与摘要信息明确，提出通过定向适配让 LLM 优先遵循法律字面或精神，并在多种场景与真实法律案例上观察到行为变化，还报告模型内部存在与预设法律概念几何框架对应的低维可解释空间。属于可验证的研究方法类新信息，对 AI 安全与对齐有参考价值；但摘要未给出具体指标、样本规模和复现细节，效果强度与泛化性仍需正文验证。
72
正文
Computer Science > Computation and Language
arXiv:2609.23083 (cs)
[Submitted on 19 Sep 2026]
Title:Directing large language models to follow the letter or spirit of the law
Authors:Peng Qian, Andrew Li, Sam Chen, Sonia K. Murthy, Yonatan Belinkov, Tomer D. Ullman
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Abstract:The distinction between the spirit and letter of the law is a central issue across research and everyday life, and a growing concern for building safe, intelligent machines. What is this distinction based on, and how can we develop machines that follow the intention behind a rule? We used targeted adaptation that made large language models prioritize the spirit or letter of the law. With minimal modifications, our method significantly changed LLM behavior across diverse measures, novel vignettes, real-world scenarios, and influential legal cases. An analysis of model internals revealed a low-dimensional space with three interpretable dimensions matching a formal pre-specified framework for the geometry of legal concepts. These findings show how legal thought in LLMs may be organized and directed.
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Computation and Language (cs.CL)
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arXiv:2609.23083 [cs.CL]
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arXiv:2609.23083v1 [cs.CL] for this version)
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.23083
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From: Peng Qian [view email]
[v1]
Sat, 19 Sep 2026 15:29:28 UTC (7,342 KB)
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